The way offices measure and manage occupancy has changed rapidly. By 2026, UK workplaces are increasingly balancing hybrid work patterns, carbon-reduction targets, and employee privacy expectations. Camera-free, privacy-first people counting sensors offer a practical route to accurate occupancy data without the privacy trade-offs of conventional camera systems. This section explains what these sensors are and key technical terms.
What are people counting sensors?
People counting sensors are devices that detect and estimate the number of people in a space. They provide occupancy and flow data used for space planning, environmental control, and operational analytics.
Technical terms defined
- Thermal sensor: A device that measures heat (infrared radiation) emitted by objects, enabling detection of human presence without forming an identifiable image.
- Edge processing: Local data processing on the device itself, reducing the need to send raw data to remote servers.
- BMS (Building Management System): Software and hardware that control building services like heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC).
Camera-free people counting uses non-imaging technologies such as thermal sensors, radar, or LiDAR-derived anonymized counts to detect presence without conventional video imagery.
Why camera-free and privacy-first matters for UK offices
Two forces are driving demand for camera-free occupancy sensing in the UK: legal/compliance pressures and employee trust. Collecting identifiable imagery increases privacy risks and compliance obligations under UK GDPR, while visible cameras can erode staff trust.
- Legal and compliance pressures: UK organisations operate under the UK GDPR and data protection law; identifiable imagery creates additional obligations around retention, access controls, and lawful bases for processing.
- Employee trust and workplace experience: Workers expect transparent, respectful treatment of personal data; poorly explained monitoring can reduce engagement.
Camera-free thermal sensors address both concerns by detecting heat signatures rather than faces and by using on-device processing and minimal data retention to keep individual identities inaccessible.
How camera-free thermal sensors work (high level)
Camera-free thermal sensing typically combines hardware and software elements to produce anonymized occupancy data without image capture.
- Sensor array: Detects infrared radiation (heat) patterns across a field of view, producing a heat map rather than a photograph.
- On-device analytics (edge AI): Algorithms process heat patterns into anonymized counts and motion vectors directly on the sensor; raw thermal frames do not leave the device.
- Aggregation and integration: Only numeric occupancy data or aggregated metrics are transmitted to dashboards, BMS, or analytics platforms.
Key privacy features to look for
- No image capture or storage of image-like data.
- Edge processing with configurable data export limits.
- Short, policy-driven retention of all raw telemetry.
- Audit logs, access controls, and data minimisation by design.