Office occupancy sensor hardware is central to smarter, more efficient workplaces. As organizations prioritize space utilization, energy savings, and occupant comfort, selecting the right hardware becomes a strategic decision—not just a procurement checkbox. This article explains how to evaluate office occupancy sensor hardware, compares sensor types, shows real-world metrics and examples, and gives a practical evaluation framework to choose privacy-first solutions like those from Butlr.
Why office occupancy sensor hardware matters now
- Remote/hybrid work has changed peak usage patterns; accurate occupancy data is needed to right-size real estate.
- Building systems (HVAC, lighting, scheduling) respond to presence signals—better sensors yield higher savings.
- Privacy and compliance concerns drive demand for camera-free, anonymized sensing.
Concrete impact examples
- Typical energy savings from occupancy-driven HVAC and lighting can range 10–30% when paired with reliable occupancy hardware.
- Workplace utilization improvements of 15–40% have been documented after switching to real-time occupancy analytics (better desk booking, consolidation).
Sensor types: strengths, weaknesses, and fit
Passive infrared (PIR)
- Detects motion via changes in infrared radiation.
- Pros: low cost, low power, simple.
- Cons: poor detection of stationary occupants, limited coverage patterns.
- Best for: corridor lighting, small enclosed spaces.
Ultrasonic
- Emits sound waves and detects motion via Doppler shifts.
- Pros: detects minor movement, works in darkness.
- Cons: false triggers from HVAC, higher power consumption.
- Best for: bathrooms, high-ceiling zones where PIR misses.
Radar (mmWave)
- Uses radio waves for motion and micro-movement detection.
- Pros: good penetration, coverage, and presence detection.
- Cons: higher cost, potential privacy/regulatory concerns in some regions.
- Best for: large open areas, when motion sensitivity is critical.
Video/camera-based
- Camera analytics infer presence and count people.
- Pros: high accuracy and rich analytics.
- Cons: privacy concerns, regulatory hurdles, high implementation friction.
- Best for: controlled environments where privacy is consented.
Thermal, camera-free sensors (privacy-first)
- Detect heat signatures and movement without capturing images.
- Pros: privacy-preserving, reliable presence detection (including stationary occupants), low false positives in busy environments.
- Cons: may be sensitive to HVAC or reflective surfaces if poorly calibrated.
- Best for: open-plan offices, conference rooms, and any space where privacy and compliance are priorities.
In many modern deployments, hybrid approaches (sensor fusion) combine two or more types to balance accuracy, privacy, and cost.
Key hardware specifications to evaluate
- Detection accuracy and presence vs. motion capabilities
- Field of view / coverage area (square feet or meters)
- Range and mounting height (ceiling vs. wall)
- Power options (PoE, battery, low-voltage)
- Network connectivity (Wi-Fi, BLE, LoRaWAN, wired)
- Integration compatibility (BMS, BAS, CAFM, room booking APIs)
- Privacy design (camera-free, anonymized telemetry)
- Latency and reporting cadence (real-time vs. aggregated)
- Environmental tolerance (temperature range, humidity resistance)
- Regulatory and safety certifications
Prioritize sensors that publish objective metrics for detection accuracy, coverage maps, and power draw—these reduce risk during procurement.