Common sensors in biology labs
Biology labs measure chemical and physical conditions that affect living systems. Choose sensors that match the sample type, desired measurement frequency, and chemical compatibility.
- Dissolved oxygen (DO) sensors: track oxygen levels in culture media and bioreactors.
- pH sensors/probes: monitor acidity for enzymatic reactions and cell culture.
- Temperature sensors: essential for incubators, cold rooms, and reaction stability.
- CO2 sensors: maintain incubator atmospheres for cell growth.
- Humidity sensors: control moisture in controlled-environment spaces.
- Gas detectors: detect volatile chemicals or leaks for safety.
- Optical and fluorescence sensors: used for absorbance, fluorescence assays, and imaging systems.
- Load cells and flow meters: measure liquid delivery and pump performance.
Each sensor type serves specific experimental needs. Choose sensors that match the sample type (liquid, gas, or surface), desired frequency of measurement, and chemical compatibility with reagents.
Sensor performance & calibration for biology applications
Reliable data depends on proper performance characteristics and routine calibration.
Key performance considerations
- Accuracy and precision: Check manufacturer stated accuracy and repeatability for your measurement range.
- Resolution: Ensure sensor resolution supports distinguishing meaningful experimental changes.
- Sampling frequency: Fast processes need higher sampling rates; environmental monitoring can use lower rates.
- Chemical compatibility: Probe housings and membranes must tolerate buffers, solvents, and sterilization.
- Stability and drift: Sensors that drift require frequent recalibration or automated reference checks.
Calibration best practices
- Follow manufacturer procedures and use certified standards when available.
- Calibrate before critical experiments and verify between runs for critical measurements.
- Keep a calibration log with date, technician, and reference materials used.
- Establish calibration frequency based on sensor drift: daily or before critical runs for intensive-use DO and pH, weekly to monthly for stable environmental sensors.
Environmental monitoring & lab safety
Environmental sensors protect experiments and personnel by continuously monitoring room conditions and equipment and triggering alerts on excursions.
- Incubator monitoring: Temperature, CO2, and humidity sensors protect cultures and trigger alarms.
- Cold rooms and freezers: Temperature sensors with alerting prevent sample loss due to failure.
- Ventilation and air quality: CO2 and VOC detectors assess ventilation and fume hood effectiveness.
- Redundancy and alarms: Use redundant sensors for critical assets and integrate alarm thresholds into the monitoring platform.
Regulatory and safety considerations
- Document monitoring and alarm-response procedures for compliance with institutional policies.
- Ensure alarms reach responsible personnel via multiple channels such as email, SMS, or paging.
- Choose sensors with required certifications for the facility, for example food or clinical lab standards.